Preschool education: A key to supporting allophone children

Views: 1227

Learning French while also developing language skills in one’s mother tongue is no easy task. As a result, allophone children often face learning and communication difficulties in kindergarten, which can negatively impact their educational journey. However, solutions are emerging.

According to a study led by Sylvana Côté, preschool education services significantly help bridge the gap between children whose mother tongue is French and those for whom French is a second or even a third language.

Professor Côté, from the School of Public Health at the Université de Montréal (ESPUM), is the director of the Observatory for Children’s Education and Health and a researcher at the CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center. The study, with Ophélie A. Collet as the lead author, was recently published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics.

“Being exposed to other children and a team of educators better prepares children for school than growing up in a home where neither French nor English is spoken. The period from one to five years old is absolutely crucial for language acquisition. It takes a village to raise a child, and in this case, the village is preschool,” summarizes Professor Côté.

Learning to Communicate

The findings are clear. Allophone children who attended daycare (or pre-kindergarten at age four, though to a lesser extent) show better cognitive development, improved social and emotional skills, and greater communication abilities. These benefits are partly attributed to a sufficient level of general knowledge.

At the time of the survey, 6.1% of kindergarten children in Quebec came from allophone families, amounting to 4,360 children. Of these, nearly 14% stayed home before starting school, compared to only 6% of children whose mother tongue was French.

The survey relied on the Early Development Instrument, a Canadian tool used internationally to measure children’s readiness for kindergarten. Teachers, who closely interact with the children, completed the questionnaires and provided information about whether the children had attended preschool services.

“It is crucial to ensure that children whose mother tongue is not French are not disadvantaged by the scarcity of spaces in preschool centers,” emphasizes Professor Côté. She adds that while bilingualism is an excellent mental exercise, the challenges of learning multiple languages are real. Children need support during this critical stage of development.

Academic Persistence

The best predictor of academic persistence is mastering … Read More